Irregular copper - Tamar I

Reverse

5-line Arabic lettering, surrounded by Arabic circular legend.

Script: Arabic

Lettering:
ألملكة ألمعظمة
خلال الدنيا و الدین
تامار بنت گيورگى
ظهير المسيح
اعز الله انصاره

Circular legend :
الله جلالها و مدّ ظلالها واید اقبالها ضاعف

Translation:
The great queen
glory of the world and faith
Tamar, daughter of Giorgi
champion of the Messiah
may God increase his victories

Circular legend:
May God increase her glory and lengthen her shadow and strengthen her beneficence!

Edge

Irregular

Comment

Classification of Queen Tamar` irregular AE-s (D. Mikeladze. 2017) 
I propose the following classification, which may be supplemented at any moment if new coin type identified or reportedd. Classification is based on some key details which compose main design of queen Tamar` irregula AE-s. These are:

A. Circular legend of the obverse.
  A0 - Circular legend absent
  A1 - Circular legend with non-identified date
  A2 - Circular legend with Qoronikon 407 (AD 1187)
  A3 - Circular legend with Qoronikon 430 (AD 1210)
B. - Number of rosettes on the obverse:
  B0 - Rosettes absent
  B1 - 6 rosettes
  B2 - 8 rosettes
 
C.- Central legend of the reverse:
  С0 - unidentified type of central legend (when just a small part of legend visible because of weak struck or main part of legend is out of coin because of too small sizes)
 C1 - 5 line standard legend
  C2 - 5 line legend with 5th different line: (عزه الله ادام) = "may God establish his honor" instead of (اعز الله انصاره) = "may God increase his victories"
 C3 - 4 line legend (5th line is absent) .
D.Circular legend of the reverse:
  D0 - Circular legend absent
  D1 - Type of circular legend unidentified
  D2 - Standard circular legend
  D3 - Circular legend with date formula
E. - Countermarks
  E0 - coin without countermark
  E1 - c/m #1
  E2 - c/m #2
  E3 - c/m #3
 E4 - c/m #4
  E5 - c/m #5

Term " circular legend absent" should be applied only in cases when there is evidence that the legend was not present on the die and not in cases when the legend is absent due to the small size of the coin.

If any of countermarks exist more then one time, we use such formula: E1x2. 

If we see at least one rosette and cannot exactly say how much rosettes exist on particular coin, we count that this is 6-rosette standard coin.
If coin is double, or triple, or quadriple we use brackets for main coin formula (without countermarks) ,for example: (A1B1C0D2)x3E1x3E3E4
In multiple pieces, if subpoints of A, B,C,D are visible at least on one obverse or reverse, we use richest formula for whole coin, because multiple coins were struck by same die. For example, - triple coin (three obverses and three reverses) , circular legend with qoronikon 407 visible just on one of them. We use A2 for whole coin.
Sample coin of this sheet is Irregular copper with unidentified year on the obverse (A1),6 rosettes (B1), standard 5-line reverse legend (C1),unidentified circular legend on the reverse (D2), without countermark (E0). So, formula for this coin is: A1B1C1D2E0

2. Obverse circular legend:
ჃႦ = 407 = 1187 AD
ჃႪ = 430 = 1210 AD

3.Reverse Arabic legend with date formula (very rare) 
 بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم سنة ثلثة و ثمانين و خمسمائة
(In the name of God this dirhem has been struck in the year three and eighteen and five hundred (AH583 - AD 1187/88)

4. Countermarks on Tamar irregular coppers:


Examples:
1. Double AE with non identified date (A1). visible 2 rosettes, but we count standard 6 (B1). Non-identified type of Arabic central legend (C0). And non-identified type of Arabic circular legend (D1). So, coin is A1B1C0D1. Coin is double, so whole formula written in brackets : (A1B1C0D1)x2. And, c/m #1 , so E1. Final formula for this coin is: (A1B2C0D1)x2E1


2. AE with clear date Qoronikon 430 (AD 1210) , visible 6 rosettes, standard circular Arabic legend, and countermark #1. So, formula for this coins is: A3B1C1D2E1

Interesting fact