Dirham - Jalal al-Din Muhammad Kasan ND

One interesting fact about this coin is that it was minted during the reign of Jalal al-Din Muhammad, who was the ruler of the Qarakhanid apanages in Kasan during the 12th century. The Qarakhanid apanages were a series of small, semi-autonomous states that emerged after the collapse of the Qarakhanid Khanate, a powerful Turkic dynasty that had ruled over much of Central Asia and parts of modern-day Russia. The fact that this coin was minted during this time period suggests that the Qarakhanid apanages in Kasan were still maintaining a level of independence and economic activity, despite being part of a larger empire.