Denier In the name of Steven I ND

Reverse

Barbaric head to the right.

Script: Latin

Lettering: ✠ GVINGAMP•

Translation: Guingamp.

Comment

Penthièvre deniers are of the immobilized type: there are a large number of types, with or without stars, increasingly degenerate barbarian heads, different legends... Often referred to as the Étienne period (the first coiner), it was later his children who minted the coins.

This is an automatic translation. The original text is:

Les deniers de Penthièvre sont du type immobilisé : il en existe une grande quantité de types, avec ou sans étoile, tête barbare de plus en plus dégénérée, différence de légende... Souvent appelée période des Étienne (le premier monnayeur), ce sont ensuite ses enfants qui ont frappé monnaie.

Interesting fact

One interesting fact about this coin is that it was issued during the reign of King Stephen I of England, who ruled from 1135 to 1154. The coin's design and minting location suggest that it was likely used in the County of Penthièvre, which was a region in northwestern France that was under English control at the time. The use of billon, a copper and silver alloy, was a common practice during this period, as it was a more affordable alternative to pure silver coins.

• medieval