Antoninianus - Probus (radiate, cuirassed; AEQVITAS AVG; Aequitas) (276) front Antoninianus - Probus (radiate, cuirassed; AEQVITAS AVG; Aequitas) (276) back
Antoninianus - Probus (radiate, cuirassed; AEQVITAS AVG; Aequitas) (276) photo
© Aureo & Calicó S.L., subastas numismáticas

Antoninianus - Probus radiate, cuirassed; AEQVITAS AVG; Aequitas

276 year
Silver 3.8 g 21 mm
Description
Issuer
Rome › Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD)
Emperor
Probus (Marcus Aurelius Probus) (276-282)
Type
Standard circulation coin
Year
276
Value
Antoninianus (1)
Currency
Antoninianus, Reform of Caracalla (AD 215 – 301)
Composition
Silver
Weight
3.8 g
Diameter
21 mm
Shape
Round (irregular)
Technique
Hammered
Orientation
Variable alignment ↺
Demonetized
Yes
Updated
2024-10-05
References
Numista
N#293371
Rarity index
97%

Reverse

Aequitas, draped, standing left, holding scales in right hand and cornucopiae in left hand.

Scripts: Latin, Greek

Lettering:
AEQVITAS AVG
-/Γ//XXI

Translation:
Aequitas Augusti.
Equity of the emperor.

Comment

This coin is part of the 1st emission of Rome, therefore of the year 276 (Karl Pink, Der Aufbau der römischen Münzprägung in der Kaiserzeit VI/I, Wien, 1949). The coin was minted by the 3rd officina with the Greek letter 'Γ' sometimes as part of the exergue mark (-/-//XXIΓ) and sometimes as right field mark (-/Γ//XXI).

The original RIC text lists two variations, being two bust types (Bust type according to Pierre Bastiens grouping of bust types):
[1] radiate, draped, right (bust type A2), Numista ;
[2] radiate, cuirassed, right (bust type B), Numista N# 293371 (this coin);

For the first variant, RIC only mentions 'draped' and not also 'cuirassed'. Only 'draped' suggests bust type A. See for an example of bust type A from the Rome mint: probuscoins.fr #676 (RIC 240). The examples below suggest that 'cuirassed' was omitted by mistake because the non-B busts are all bust type A2: radiate, draped and cuirassed, right.

Other examples:
- probuscoins.fr #625 (bust B | -/Γ//XXI);
- probuscoins.fr #4385 (bust B | -/Γ//XXI);
- probuscoins.fr #4431 (bust B | -/Γ//XXI);
- probuscoins.fr #1173 (bust B | -/Γ//XXI);
- probuscoins.fr #194 (bust B | -/-//XXIΓ);
- probuscoins.fr #3646 (bust B | -/-//XXIΓ);
- probuscoins.fr #195 (bust A2 | -/Γ//XXI);
- probuscoins.fr #2337 (bust A2 | -/-//XXIΓ).

Mass varies (2.77–4.58 g) and the diameter varies (19,94–23 mm) according to
Online Coins of the Roman Empire (OCRE)

Interesting fact

The Antoninianus coin, which was issued during the reign of Emperor Probus (276-282 AD), was the first Roman coin to feature a portrait of the emperor wearing a radiate crown, which symbolized the power and authority of the Roman Empire. This design change marked a significant shift in the visual representation of Roman imperial power and set a new standard for coins issued during the later Roman Empire.