Antoninianus - Probus (Draped and cuirassed, right; CLEMENTIA TEMP; Jupiter) (277-281) front Antoninianus - Probus (Draped and cuirassed, right; CLEMENTIA TEMP; Jupiter) (277-281) back
Antoninianus - Probus (Draped and cuirassed, right; CLEMENTIA TEMP; Jupiter) (277-281) photo
© PrimeME

Antoninianus - Probus Draped and cuirassed, right; CLEMENTIA TEMP; Jupiter

 
Silver - -
Description
Issuer
Rome › Roman Empire (27 BC - 395 AD)
Emperor
Probus (Marcus Aurelius Probus) (276-282)
Type
Standard circulation coin
Years
277-281
Value
Antoninianus (1)
Currency
Antoninianus, Reform of Caracalla (AD 215 – 301)
Composition
Silver
Shape
Round (irregular)
Technique
Hammered
Orientation
Variable alignment ↺
Demonetized
Yes
Updated
2024-10-05
References
Numista
N#420711
Rarity index
97%

Reverse

Probus, standing right, holding sceptre, receiving globe from Jupiter, standing left, holding sceptre, sometimes Victory on globe.
Officina sometimes in field.
Valuemark (XXI) and sometimes officina in exergue.

Script: Latin

Lettering: CLEMENTIA TEMP

Unabridged legend: Clementia Temporum.

Translation: A time of peace and calm.

Comment

RIC 647 was minted by the Siscia mint. The original RIC text lists 4 variations/different bust types (bust types according to Pierre Bastiens grouping of bust types; see illustrated: probvs.net) and there is one variant known: 

  1. Radiate, draped, right (A bust (*), Alföldi (**) - (example: probuscoins.fr #1576), Numista #293003); 
  2. Radiate, cuirassed, right (B bust, Alföldi 018.003 (example: probvs.net #R647.080304), Numista #293649);
  3. Helmeted, radiate, cuirassed, left, holding spear in right hand and shield in left hand (E1 bust, Alföldi - (no example in probuscoins.fr), Numista #293650);
  4. Radiate, cuirassed, left (B1 bust, Alföldi - (no example in probuscoins.fr), Numista #293651);
  5. [var] Radiate, draped and cuirassed, right (A2 bust (*), Alföldi 018.001-002 (example: probuscoins.fr #1577), Numista #420711).

(*) RIC only lists the A bust (Probus, draped, right) and not also the A2 bust (Probus, draped and cuirassed, right) for RIC 647. See for example RIC 644 where the A2 and A bust are separately listed. 

(**) Andreas Alföldi, Vorarbeiten zu einem Corpus der in Siscia geprägten römischen Kaisermünzen. Heft V. Verzeichnis der Antoniniane des Kaisers Probus, Budapest, 1939).

RIC mentions ‘sometimes Victory on globe’ which OCRE mistakenly does not list. In the RIC entries with the same base reverse (643, 644, 645, 646, 647 and 648), RIC does not distinguish between a short or long sceptre for Probus, so in the above these differences (which are present: see Alföldi 015. to 020.) are not taken into account. According to Pink, RIC 647 – with its obverse lettering nr. 8 (‘IMP PROBVS P F AVG’) combined with ‘CLEMENTIA TEMP’ – is part of the 8th emission (exergue-/mint mark style: -/Γ//XXI), which was in the year (about) 281 (Karl Pink, Der Aufbau der römischen Münzprägung in der Kaiserzeit VI/I, Wien, 1949, p. 41). According to RIC, these coins were minted by the 1st (-/A//XXI), 2nd (-/B//XXI) and 3rd (-/Γ//XXI) officina. According to Pink these coins were minted by the 1st (-/A//XXI), 3rd (-/Γ//XXI), 4th (-/Δ//XXI), 5th (‑/Є//XXI) and 7th (‑/Z//XXI) officina, which better matches with the examples published. RIC also lists exergue marks ‘-/-//XXIP to -/-//XXIVI’ and ‘-/ٮ//KA’, not listed by Pink for this specific coin and there are no examples published. Alföldi also lists exergue mark ‘-/-//XXIP and ‘-/-//XXIS’ (015.001-002) but no bust to go with it so it is unsure whether this is a mistake. In any case, these exergue marks listed by RIC would most likely be of the 4th emission (‘-/-//XXIP to -/-//XXIVI’, year 277) and 7th emission (‘-/ٮ//KA’, year 280).

Interesting fact

One interesting fact about the Antoninianus - Probus coin is that it features the Roman god Jupiter on the reverse side, which was a common practice during the Roman Empire to associate the emperor with divine authority.