1 Penny Staffordshire - Stafford / W. Horton

Reverse

A large central cypher W H in ornamental script characters, with a small a cross crosslet on either side. A flourish intended for a Staffordshire knot (incorrectly rendered) below. Toothed border

Script: Latin

Lettering:
PENNY
+ W H +

Engraver: P. Wyon

Edge

Plain with divided lettering and four dots

Lettering: PAYABLE BY HORTON AND COMPANY · · · ·

Comment

The cypher is the initial letters of William Horton, a boot and shoe manufacturer in Stafford, and also a member of the town council. The obverse is supposed to present the armorial bearings of Stafford, but Debrett states that the town Seal shows a fish naiant instead of a lion in base, and the castle entrance appears portcullised with the gates thrown open. The Stafford knot, represented by the flourish beneath the cypher, is the badge of the Stafford family, but it is incorrectly rendered on the token.

Horton and Co. also issued a penny piece in 1803 with the same designs, but with the change in date. This coin is notable as being the last token issued with an edge inscription, and the last token of this series issued in England (there are later ones in Ireland). The 1801 and 1803 Stafford tokens were issued in defiance of the Act of Parliament in 1797 forbidding the striking and issuing of commercial coins, to support the regal copper issues of 1797 and 1799.

Token: Great Britain Conder Stafford 1797 to 1803
A man named James Conder undertook the somewhat daunting task of identifying, organizing, and cataloging a large set of privately issued tokens used in Great Britain during the late 1700's and early 1800's. There were not enough regular government-issued coins to support commerce in sparsely populated regions, so various individuals took it upon themselves to produce tokens.
 Bailey's token from Stafford is one of the more valuable Conder tokens. There is a variant with a taller gateway (Davis 96) which is rare.

Interesting fact